Evolving Strategies in Typhoid Prevention and Control: Recent Advancements and Future Directions

 

Evolving Strategies in Typhoid Prevention and Control: Recent Advancements and Future Directions

Jugal Kishore, Kanika Paruti, Deep Priya Lall

Typhoid fever remains a significant global health challenge, especially in regions lacking access to clean water and sanitation. Recent advancements in prevention and control strategies, notably the introduction of the Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine (TCV), have spurred renewed efforts to combat this infectious disease. This comprehensive review explores key insights, including recommendations, hurdles, cross-country experiences and emerging trends, with a focus on India’s experience amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Strategies encompass a multifaceted approach, ranging from vaccination initiatives guided by the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (NTAGI) to enhanced surveillance methodologies and targeted interventions. Despite challenges such as vaccine hesitancy and resistance to antibiotics, the integration of TCV holds promise in reducing the burden of typhoid and improving public health outcomes. As India adapts to post-pandemic dynamics, proactive measures aimed at strengthening healthcare infrastructure and refining disease control strategies are essential in shaping a resilient response to infectious diseases like typhoid.

Kishore J, Paruti K, Lall D P. Evolving Strategies in Typhoid Prevention and Control: Recent Advancements and Future Directions. J Commun Dis. 2024;56(3):169-171.

https://doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202460

Competency Based Practical and Viva Community Medicine

Competency-Based Practical and Viva Community Medicine 6th Edition was published in August 2024 and is now available in bookshops in the country. This book is phenomenal in covering all the concepts and practical aspects of the subject with its updated guidelines and NMC criteria. It is an excellent tool for understanding family dynamics and taking clinical-social case studies. It is a beautiful amalgamation of the most probable viva questions with its short and crisp answers. This book contains various problem-based epidemiological, biostatistical, and management exercises with solutions. It is unique in providing a wide range of spots for practical examination. It is highly recommended for undergraduate and postgraduate students in community medicine and community nursing.  

 The 15th edition of the National Health Program of India was released in July 2024 and circulated. It is a highly recommended book for public health, community medicine, and nursing scholars. 

One-Health: A Notion to Address Human Health Concerns in a Transdisciplinary Manner

 

One-Health: A Notion to Address Human Health Concerns in a Transdisciplinary Manner 

 Jugal Kishore1 , Jaidev Khatri2 , Pallavi Boro3 1 Director Professor, Department of Community Medicine, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi. 2 State Project Manager, John Snow India, Arunachal Pradesh. 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Tomo Riba Institute of Health & Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh. 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202309

The “One Health” approach acknowledges the connections between environmental, animal, and human health. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention defines One Health as “a collaborative, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary approach—working at the local, regional, national, and global levels—with the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment”.1 The term ‘One Health’ was first used in 2003–2004 and was associated with the emergence of severe acute respiratory disease (SARS) in early 2003. A few of the technical terms cited in the definition can be elaborated as: Collaboration is the collective effort of individuals or groups where they share ideas, resources, and responsibilities to achieve mutual success and innovation towards a common goal. Multisectoral refers to joined involvement across various sectors or fields, governmental or private emphasizing cooperation between different institutions, ministries, areas, industries, and domains to address complex issues and achieve comprehensive solutions. Transdisciplinary refers to an approach that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries, integrating knowledge, methods, and perspectives from multiple fields to address the human-animal-ecology interface solve complex problems, and foster a holistic understanding of the subject. One Health places a strong emphasis on the cooperation of multiple sectors, including public health, veterinary, husbandry, medicine, Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha & Homeopathy (AYUSH), environmental & metrological science, agriculture, municipality, and rural development. To cover the above important areas, a major step toward formalizing the concept of One Health was taken in 2021 when the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), and World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) formed a High-level expert panel. 

Kishore J, Khatri J, Boro P. One-Health: A Notion to Address Human Health Concerns in a Transdisciplinary Manner. Epidem Int. 2023;8(3):1-3.

Dr Sneha Kumar, Dr Rohit Kumar, Dr Rajesh Kumar, Dr Rajat Garg, Dr Jugal Kishore, Dr Prem Kumar, Dr Rupali Roy, Dr Shalini Smanla, Dr Kanika Paruti  

CME on Recent advances in Adult Vaccination organized by the Department of Community Medicine VMMC & SJH and IAE 

 

In view of the increasing incidences of Heatwaves, Sphere India Academy, NIDM, and CoE PHEDM of VMMC have organized a webinar on essential strategies of public health and safety for heatwave preparedness on 3rd May 2024  

Self Reflection

Self-Reflection on yesterday  

My birth took place in a house of Masih Garh village of Delhi in 1967 covered with the dusty sand of poverty. When a drop of sweat fell as seed withstanding all socio-economic psychological weather conditions, a bodhi peepal tree nourished in a municipal corporation school and Jamia Millia Islamia. Having learned the healing power from Maulana Azad Medical College which was sharpened to public health at AIIMS New Delhi and had a finishing touch of mental well-being through my Ph.D. from Delhi University, grown a professional for humankind.   

A passion to eradicate human suffering once Gautam Buddha ignited 2500 years back continued in many social reformers and activists took rebirth in me when I started practicing medicine as a public health expert.  

Many occasions came to life when I gave up before the deaths from the pandemic and the epidemic of COVID-19, Human Influenza H1N1, pneumonia, dengue, or cancer, and each time standing up and fighting back became my mission. But realizing the fact about health that sits on the back seat in the corridor of bureaucracy and political power and glittering filmy life I find no justification to remain a doctor but a prince of health. My mission is to liberate humans through the healthy and sustainable development of the world.